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US: Survey Divergence Obscures Employment Progress

DATA REACT

One of the stories in the June Employment Report r(and one that makes this report a little tricker to interpret) is the divergence between the Household and Establishment surveys. And not for the first time, but the +850k payroll gain in the Establishment survey diverged with the -18k Household survey employment change. See chart.

  • The unemployment rate is derived from the Household survey and that's why the unemployment rate ticked higher even as the headline NFP number was a beat and the participation rate was unchanged (the number of unemployed in the Household survey +168k).
  • This was probably one of the sources of confused price action in both directions following the report's release.
  • The establishment survey looks at payroll records, both private and government. The household survey surveys households. The composition is slightly different for both. It's not uncommon in an economic upturn for the establishment numbers to be better than the household figures, as marginal/nonstandard workers that are sometimes captured in the household survey are formally hired by establishment firms.


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